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Many more couples, however, experience involuntary childlessness for at least one year: estimates range from 12% to 28%.[4] Male infertility is responsible for 20–30% of infertility cases, while 20–35% are due to female infertility, and 25–40% are due to combined problems in both parts.[2][5] In 10–20% of cases, no cause is found.[5] The most common cause of female infertility is ovulatory problems, which generally manifest themselves by sparse or absent menstrual periods.[6] Male infertility is most commonly due to deficiencies in the semen, and semen quality is used as a surrogate measure of male fecundity.[7] Women who are fertile experience a natural period of fertility before and during ovulation, and they are naturally infertile for the rest of the menstrual cycle. It is more successful in women who have previously been pregnant. For men, a visual inspection of sexual characteristics can identify such endocrinopathies as hypogonadism (a condition resulting in atrophy or deficient development of secondary sexual characteristics) or Klinefelter’s syndrome (a genetic anomaly often associated with infertility). Excess iron from multiple transfusions may get deposited in the pituitary gland and the testis, causing parenchymal damage and both pituitary and testicular insufficiency. 18  If the semen analysis result is abnormal, further evaluation is indicated (Table 36–8,10,19,20). 41 Treatment of Unexplained Infertility Jump to section + Couples who have no identified cause of infertility should be counseled on timing of intercourse for the most fertile period (i.e., the six days preceding ovulation).

They can also carry out some basic tests on both partners to see if there is an identifiable reason for not having achieved a pregnancy. In some cases, simply removing the polyp solves infertility.

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Right here are Some More Resources on Infertility Clinics in Lahore

These drugs also can also help you get pregnant by causing your ovaries to release multiple eggs. 5) Endometrial polyps: Endometrial polyps are finger-like growths in the uterine cavity arising from the lining of the uterus, called the endometrium, These abnormalities are rarely associated with cancer (<1% in a woman before menopause), but polyps are can decrease fertility by up to 50% according to some studies. There is a consistent association of Mycoplasma genitalium infection and female reproductive tract syndromes.

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The normal working of the male reproductive system involves first the production of sufficient numbers of functional sperm cells and then the delivery of these sperm to the ejaculate. Causes[edit] Hormonal imbalance[edit] This is the most common cause of anovulation and is thought to account for about 70% of all cases. It's sometimes done while you're taking meds that help trigger the release of an egg. Treatment Treatment will depend on many factors, including the age of the person who wishes to conceive, how long the infertility has lasted, personal preferences, and their general state of health. Semen analysis The semen analysis is a very important test and should be done early in the evaluation process.

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This diagnosis is therefore shared by 15% of couples attempting to conceive. Common causes of infertility of females include: ovulation problems (e.g. polycystic ovarian syndrome, PCOS, the leading reason why women present to fertility clinics due to anovulatory infertility.[58]) tubal blockage pelvic inflammatory disease caused by infections like tuberculosis age-related factors uterine problems previous tubal ligation endometriosis advanced maternal age immune infertility Males[edit] The main cause of male infertility is low semen quality. 8 If a woman has irregular cycles, the testing should be conducted later in the cycle, starting seven days before presumed onset of menses, and repeated weekly until menses. Sperm Granuloma and Reversibility of Vasectomy. (PDF, 11 MB) Lancet, 1977. Obese women have a higher rate of recurrent, early miscarriage compared to non-obese women. In the United Kingdom, it is estimated that one in six couples would complaint of infertility [3]. Conventional In-vitro Fertilization vs Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection for Patients Requiring Microsurgical Sperm Aspiration. (PDF, 3 MB) Human Reproduction, 1994. The dye outlines the cavity of the uterus and spills out of the fallopian tubes. Thus women whose pregnancy spontaneously miscarries, or whose pregnancy results in a still born child, without ever having had a live birth would present with primarily infertility. (Trends in prevalence4). Coital frequency is positively correlated with pregnancy rates. Additional risk factors may include smoking, alcohol use, obesity, and older age; however, the data are hampered by a lack of pregnancy-related outcomes. There are tests that may tell if you have fertility problems. Some medications increase the risk of fertility problems in men. According to the literature survey, the most common causes of infertility are: male factor [5,7-9,13-15] such as sperm abnormalities [9,13,15], female factor [7-9,14-16] such as ovulation dysfunction [7,8] and tubal pathology [7-9], combined male and female factors [7,9,14,15] and unexplained infertility; where no obvious cause could be detected [7-9].