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Male infertility refers to a male’s inability to cause a pregnancy in a fertile female.   Causes vary.   Testing is available.   Medication or surgery. Therefore, data estimating the prevalence of infertility cited by various sources differs significantly.[8] A couple that tries unsuccessfully to have a child after a certain period of time (often a short period, but definitions vary) is sometimes said to be subfertile, meaning less fertile than a typical couple.

The vas deferens carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct and the urethra. One reported method to induce estrus in cats is FSH at 2 mg/cat, IM, once daily until signs of estrus appear (not administered for >5 days). Not long after, the United States delivered its first IVF baby, and the use of IVF has grown dramatically. Outside pregnancy and lactation, women with high levels of prolactin may have irregular ovulation cycles and fertility problems.

Here are Some More Resources on Cause of Soil Infertility

Below are Some Even more Info on Cause of Soil Infertility

If conservative medical treatments fail to achieve a full term pregnancy, the physician or WHNP may suggest the patient undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF). This process bypasses the normal fertilization process, which may be compromised due to poor sperm function. The gonadotropins in these formulations are FSH, and in some cases, a combination of FSH and LH (luteinizing hormone). Females[edit] The following causes of infertility may only be found in females.

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Intrauterine insemination is a process by which sperm is washed and prepared for placement into the uterine cavity, therefore bypassing the cervix and bringing a higher concentration of motile sperm closer to the tubes and ovulated egg. The following is a list of hormonal disorders which can disrupt male infertility: Hyperprolactinemia: Elevated prolactin--a hormone associated with nursing mothers, is found in 10 to 40 percent of infertile males.  Mild elevation of prolactin levels produces no symptoms, but greater elevations of the hormone reduces sperm production, reduces libido and may cause impotence.  This condition responds well to the drug Parlodel (bromocriptine). Worldwide, 8 to 12 percent of couples experience fertility problems.

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Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common disorders impacting ovulation. Causes Potential causes of male infertility are: The complete absence of sperm (azoospermia) Low sperm count (oligospermia) Abnormal sperm shape (teratozoospermia) Problems with sperm movement (asthenozoospermia) Sperm that is completely immobile (necrozoospermia); the sperm may be alive and not moving, or they may be dead Problems with sperm delivery, due to sexual dysfunction, an obstruction, previous vasectomy, or retrograde ejaculation Problems with erections or other sexual problems There are a variety of conditions that may lead to male infertility. Affected individuals displayed more severe forms of infertility such as azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia.[27] Other causes[edit] Factors that can cause male as well as female infertility are: DNA damage DNA damage reduces fertility in female ovocytes, as caused by smoking,[28] other xenobiotic DNA damaging agents (such as radiation or chemotherapy)[29] or accumulation of the oxidative DNA damage 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine[30] DNA damage reduces fertility in male sperm, as caused by oxidative DNA damage,[31] smoking,[28] other xenobiotic DNA damaging agents (such as drugs or chemotherapy)[32] or other DNA damaging agents including reactive oxygen species, fever or high testicular temperature.[33] The damaged DNA related to infertility manifests itself by the increased susceptibility to denaturation inducible by heat or acid [34] or by the presence of double-strand breaks that can be detected by the TUNEL assay.[35] General factors Diabetes mellitus,[36][37] thyroid disorders,[38] undiagnosed and untreated coeliac disease,[39][40][41][42] adrenal disease[43] Hypothalamic-pituitary factors Hyperprolactinemia Hypopituitarism The presence of anti-thyroid antibodies is associated with an increased risk of unexplained subfertility with an odds ratio of 1. However, given that fertility in women is known to decline steadily with age, some providers evaluate and treat women aged ≥35 years after 6 months of intercourse without the use of contraception (1). 6 million (6%) married women aged 15–44 years in the United States reported difficulty getting pregnant (3). Once a diagnosis has been made, you and your partner can consider the various treatment options. The patient should receive prophylactic antibiotics and uterine relaxants (eg, ibuprofen) during these 7 days to prevent infection and balloon expulsion, respectively. Close Common Causes of Female Sterility The most common causes of female sterility include: Fallopian tube damage or blockage Ovulation disorders Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Endometriosis Early menopause Pelvic adhesions Benign uterine fibroids Close Help for Sterility Sexual problems such as impotence or premature ejaculation should be addressed. Some methods may be used in concert with other methods. Potential causes are unknown, but it may be related to infection, vascular disease, or bilateral testicular torsion. 22 Treatment of Male Infertility Jump to section + Underlying etiology determines the therapeutic course, although male infertility is unexplained in 40% to 50% of cases.