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If you and your partner agree, extra embryos can be frozen and saved to use later. Varicoceles are generally asymptomatic, and most men with varicoceles do not have infertility or testicular atrophy. WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY STERILITY?

IUI is more commonly done when the man has a low sperm count, decreased sperm motility, or when infertility does not have an identifiable cause. Patients with hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism must be treated accordingly. [210, 211] Weight reduction should be part of the treatment because it helps the patient's response to ovulation induction. [212] Treatment of Male Factors Asthenospermia associated with varicocele is treated surgically with varicocelectomy or with embolization of the spermatic veins. This may be used if IVF has not been effective, if there has been poor embryo growth rate, and if the woman is older. Outside pregnancy and lactation, women with high levels of prolactin may have irregular ovulation cycles and fertility problems. 38,39 Family physicians may choose to attempt ovulation induction in anovulatory women (WHO group II) with clomiphene.

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Worldwide, 8 to 12 percent of couples experience fertility problems. Chemotherapy: Some chemotherapy drugs can result in ovarian failure. Causes of infertility include genetic abnormalities, certain acute and chronic diseases, exposure to certain environmental toxins, smoking, and excessive alcohol use (2).

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Blockage of the ejaculatory duct: Sperm can be extracted directly from the testicles and injected into an egg in the laboratory. Semen and sperm Sometimes the sperm cannot travel effectively to meet the egg. Cervical surgery can sometimes cause scarring or shortening of the cervix.

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6,8,23 A high FSH level (10 to 20 mIU per mL [10 to 20 IU per L]) drawn on day 3 of the menstrual cycle is associated with infertility. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection and Infertility. (PDF, 53 KB) Nature Genetics, 2001. Bhaskar Dutta/Photoshare Clinical definitions Infertility is “a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse.”… (WHO-ICMART glossary1). “Infertility is the inability of a sexually active, non-contracepting couple to achieve pregnancy in one year. No consensus exists as to whether the medical treatment should precede surgery or vice versa. [154, 155, 156] Those who prefer medical treatment first argue that the size of the endometriosis decreases; therefore, surgery will be easier and shorter. Also, polymorphisms in folate pathway genes could be one reason for fertility complications in some women with unexplained infertility.[62] However, a growing body of evidence suggests that epigenetic modifications in sperm may be partially responsible.[63][64] Diagnosis[edit] If both partners are young and healthy and have been trying to conceive for one year without success, a visit to a physician or women's health nurse practitioner (WHNP) could help to highlight potential medical problems earlier rather than later. As the major causes of infertility are sperm abnormalities, ovulation dysfunction, and fallopian tube obstruction, the preliminary adviced investigations for the infertile couple should be focused on semen analysis (to be compared with the WHO reference values [27]), detection of ovarian function by hormonal assay (early follicular FSH and LH levels, and mid-luteal progesterone), and evaluation of tubal patency by hysterosalpingography (HSG) [17-32], (Appendix 3). There are a wide array of treatments available, each targeting a different cause of infertility, and they include the following: Fertility drugs: These drugs work by stimulating the hormones responsible for the maturing and release of the egg and could help those with ovarian disorders. Sterility is the inability to conceive after two years of regular intercourse. Arcuate uterus In general, an arcuate uterus does not cause infertility.