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The most common identifiable causes of female fertility problems are outlined below: • Ovulatory dysfunction, (or anovulation) where an egg is not released from the ovary every month, is the single most common cause of female infertility. Finding out that you're infertile can be an unpleasant surprise, to say the least. “Many men feel emotional stress with a diagnosis of infertility,” says Ross. 4) In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): In vitro means “outside the body.” IVF is a process whereby eggs are collected and then fertilized by sperm outside the body, in an embryology laboratory. XX male (sex reversal syndrome) An XX karyotype is due to a crossover of the sex-determining region (SRY) of the Y chromosome (with the testis determining factor) to either the X chromosome or an autosome. A doctor injects sperm directly into the egg in a dish and then places it into your uterus.

Symptoms If a couple doesn't get pregnant after a year of unprotected intercourse, both the man and woman should be evaluated. After stimulation, the physician surgically extracts one or more eggs from the ovary, and unites them with sperm in a laboratory setting, with the intent of producing one or more embryos. Some methods may be used in concert with other methods. If ovulation does not occur with the 50-mg dose, the CC dose must be increased in subsequent cycles to 100 mg for 5 days.

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Gonadotrophins for idiopathic male factor subfertility. Those with isolated right-sided varicoceles should be evaluated for retroperitoneal pathology.

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However, these tests have only poor to moderate predictive value despite widespread use. Laparoscopy: A thin, flexible tube with a camera at the end is inserted into the abdomen and pelvis, allowing a doctor to look at the fallopian tubes, uterus, and ovaries. Assisted conception The following methods are currently available for assisted conception. There are a wide array of treatments available, each targeting a different cause of infertility, and they include the following: Fertility drugs: These drugs work by stimulating the hormones responsible for the maturing and release of the egg and could help those with ovarian disorders.

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To help objectify sperm morphology and therefore enhance the consistency and reproducibility among laboratories, Kruger introduced a definition of "strict criteria" in 1986. Large polyps or multiple polyps can impact fertility by interfering with the ability of embryo to implant and should be removed. Radiation therapy: This can impair sperm production. 2) Medications to induce egg development and ovulation: The medications that help stimulate the ovary to develop mature eggs for ovulation come in two forms: pills taken by mouth and injections. Testicular Neoplasm in Father and Son. (PDF, 561 KB) The Journal of Urology, 1972. If resistant to the above, offer: - laparoscopic ovarian drilling, or, - ovulation induction via gonadotrophins. Hysteroscopy can also be combined with laparoscopy when necessary. Role of Semen Analysis in Subfertile Couples. (PDF, 250 KB) Fertility and Sterility, 2010. The fluid comes from the prostate gland, the seminal vesicle, and other sex glands. Abnormality in any of those regions may indicate abnormal sperm function and compromise the ability of sperm to fertilize the egg.