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Radiation therapy: This can impair sperm production. Patients should undergo an MRI or CT scan of the sella turcica for diagnostic purposes to determine whether a microprolactinoma or a macroprolactinoma is present. This prevents the sperm from fertilizing the egg. Evaluating the Infertile Male – Part 1. (PDF, 5 MB) Contemporary OB/GYN, 2004. If conservative medical treatments fail to achieve a full term pregnancy, the physician or WHNP may suggest the patient undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF). 3) Tubal occlusion (blockage): As discussed previously, a history of sexually transmitted infections including chlamydia, gonorrhea, or pelvic inflammatory disease can predispose a woman to having blocked fallopian tubes.

Medication. If you have ovulation problems, you may be prescribed drugs such as clomiphene citrate (Clomid, Serophene), gonadotropins (such as Gonal-F, Follistim, Humegon and Pregnyl), or letrozole. Varicocele A varicocele is a swelling of the veins that drain the testicle, which can impact sperm quality. This is where no cause can be identified in either the woman or man.

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In some cases, simply removing the polyp solves infertility. Generally, they occur in 50-100% of all abdominal surgeries,[29] with the risk of developing adhesions being the same for both procedures.[30][31] Complications of adhesions include chronic pelvic pain, bowel obstruction, and female infertility. Conventional In-vitro Fertilization vs Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection for Patients Requiring Microsurgical Sperm Aspiration. (PDF, 3 MB) Human Reproduction, 1994. Normal uterine implantation can therefore not occur.

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However, about one in five cases of infertility has no clear diagnosed cause.[73] In Britain, male factor infertility accounts for 25% of infertile couples, while 25% remain unexplained. Women who have a body weight 10% to 15% below normal may have reduced fertility. Patients generally have long arms and legs due to a delayed closure of the epiphyseal plates, delayed puberty, and atrophic testis. Overheated testicles: Causes include an undescended testicle, a varicocele, or varicose vein in the scrotum, the use of saunas or hot tubs, wearing tight clothes, and working in hot environments.

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A sperm count of under 15 million is considered low. Treatment Treatment will depend on many factors, including the age of the person who wishes to conceive, how long the infertility has lasted, personal preferences, and their general state of health. Those with a varicocele diagnosable only on scrotal ultrasonography have subclinical varicoceles and will likely not benefit from repair. The Relationship of Abnormal Semen Values to Pregnancy Outcome. (PDF, 770 KB) Chapter 10 from textbook, 1992. There may be testicular malformations, hormone imbalance, or blockage of the man's duct system. As they respond to hormones the same way as they would do in the uterus, that is by growing and shedding cyclically, endometriosis can cause both fallopian tube and ovarian scarring. For example, polycystic ovarian syndrome is when the eggs only partially developed within the ovary and there is an excess of male hormones. During this time, the cells cross from the basal to the adluminal compartments. The Relationship of Abnormal Semen Values to Pregnancy Outcome. (PDF, 770 KB) Chapter 10 from textbook, 1992. At this point, psychological consultation and support should be provided [44]. Also searched were the Cochrane database, the National Guideline Clearinghouse database, Dynamed, and Essential Evidence Plus. Treatment of Anovulatory Conditions Jump to section + Women with WHO group I ovulatory disorders should be counseled to achieve a normal body weight. 42 Urinary luteinizing hormone kits indicate the midcycle luteinizing hormone surge that precedes ovulation by one to two days.