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Other tests include: ovarian reserve testing, to find out how effective the eggs are after ovulation genetic testing, to see if a genetic abnormality is interfering with fertility pelvic ultrasound, to produce an image of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries Chlamydia test, which may indicate the need for antibiotic treatment thyroid function test, as this may affect the hormonal balance Complications Some complications can result from infertility and its treatment. Medicines and drugs Certain types of medicines can sometimes cause infertility problems. Primary sterility is the complete inability to become pregnant, while secondary sterility refers to the failure to conceive after a previous successful pregnancy. In some cases, laparoscopy for infertility will be indicated to look for pelvic scarring or endometriosis As in vitro fertilization success rates have improved dramatically over the past 20 years, laparoscopy for infertility is being done much less than before. In 30% of all cases, the cause is in both partners: combined sterility. In addition, infertility is considered also a public problem.

Surgical Management of Male Infertility. (PDF, 2 MB) Chapter 12 from textbook, Male Infertility, 1992. Source : Medications Used With Infertility Treatment PPT Presentation Summary : Medications Used with Infertility Treatment. Unexplained infertility In the UK, unexplained infertility accounts for around 25% of cases of infertility. Therefore, pelvic ultrasonography is required before CC is initiated. [207] Pure FSH treatment for ovulation induction is another alternative for patients with PCOS who are clomiphene resistant. They can be blocked due to numerous causes, including infections,  trauma or abnormal development, such as with cystic fibrosis or similar inherited conditions. 40 Patients using these agents should be counseled about these risks.

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The patient's electrolyte levels must be checked to consider the need for diuretics. Microsurgery Successful in Vasectomy Reversals. (PDF, 156 KB) The New York Times, 1975.

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The presence of anti-sperm antibodies have been found in infertile men, and suppression of these antibodies with corticosteroid treatment has improved the semen quality and increased the rate of conception. Fertility: assessment and treatment for people with fertility problems. About a third of the time, infertility can be traced to the woman. Consequently, the patient with PCOS becomes responsive to CC ovulation induction.

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The most commonly prescribed pill to stimulate ovulation (generally of one mature egg) is clomiphene citrate. The following problems are possible: Low sperm count: The man ejaculates a low number of sperm. These risks include: Age (past age 40, men experience more fertility problems). The opening improves the ability of the embryo to implant into the uterine lining. Combined infertility[edit] In some cases, both the man and woman may be infertile or sub-fertile, and the couple's infertility arises from the combination of these conditions. Couples may decide to go ahead regardless if the desire to become pregnant is very strong. Additional risk factors may include smoking, alcohol use, obesity, and older age; however, the data are hampered by a lack of pregnancy-related outcomes. Ideally, using strict morphology criteria, a minimum of 5 – 15% normal forms leads to a better ability for sperm to fertilize the egg. Constant irrigation with Ringer lactate solution and heparin prevents fibrin formation. Sherman Silber: Be Fruitful and Multiply. (PDF, 6 MB) Lifestyles Magazine, 1999.